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Academic publications | trade & industry
Monitoring and estimating the consumption of certified sustainable coffee and cocoa in the netherlands.pdf (1017.33 KB) In 2010, the Dutch coffee industry initiated the Letter of Intent as a result of its wish to coordinate the efforts to find how the coffee value chain (from tree to cup) can be made more sustainable. The letter of intent was supported by the Dutch government, IDH, a number of certification...
In 1992 the leaders of the world came together at the first Rio Earth summit, historically acknowledging the imperative of a needs based approach to sustainable development. Although agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration made a call upon all citizens of the world to play a role in ensuring...
Over the past decade Fair Trade (FT) has been praised as the miracle-cure to poverty globally, by securing a better deal for marginalised farmers and creating community development, while respecting the environment. In that sense, FT can seem to be in the scope of social entrepreneurship (SE) by...
EFFECT OF CRUDE OIL PRICE ON COCOA PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA.pdf (252.76 KB) This study examines the effect of crude oil price on Cocoa production in Nigeria between 1961 and 2008. The output of cocoa was specified as a function of factors such as exchange rate, cocoa producer price, crude oil price and structural adjustment programme. Quantitative estimates, based on...
A product chain organisation study of certified cocoa supply.pdf (299.94 KB) Cocoa supplies may become limited in the future. Demands for sustainable cocoa sparked an exploration of the product chain organisation of conventional and certified cocoa from Ghana. The comparison shows that transparency requirements have led to a more complex product chain. Even so,...
Quality Incentives in Informal Markets The Case of Ecuadorian Cocoa.pdf (222.42 KB) We investigate the economic importance of implicit quality incentives in an agricultural market that lacks the institutional capacity for measuring quality verifiably. We measure the magnitude of implicit price premiums for quality, and we distinguish empirically between hedonic-pricing and...
Global commodity chain (GCC) analysis has been concerned mainly with examining power relations in global manufacturing industries, although it has been preoccupied increasingly by the question of how developing country (DC) producers can upgrade. This paper extends GCC analysis to ``traditional...
Cocoa production and trade has an ingloriously prominent position in Africa's Primary Commodity Dilemma. Adverse price movements for the raw beans as well as high barriers to entry in the markets for semi-processed and final products, along with a history of failed national and international...
Few studies have examined the implementation and evolution development of a contract as a learning process for the actors involved. Individual farmers in São Tomé were obliged to organize themselves into a collective in response to a chocolate manufacturer’s innovative proposal of an organic...
This report examines the nature of concentration in the food industry in general, and the coffee and cocoa value chains in particular. Although, as will be shown below, we are not able to document the existence of the abuse of dominant market power, we are able to show the extent of market...
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